TASK #6: From Question to Theory

Introduction

There are two ways to formulate theories. One approach is to examine some evidence or research results and then try to explain the evidence by creating a plausible story (using the word because). This is what we did in our earlier exercise regarding findings from The American Soldier study. This approach is known as post hoc theorizing.

A second approach to theory formation begins with a question. We ask a question (which may arise from intuition or past informal experience), and then invent a plausible answer. This approach is known as a priori theorizing.

Task

Formulate a musically-pertinent question. It may be one of the big “God” questions you discussed earlier. Better yet, consider choosing a much more modest question that you think is interesting. Consider two or three theories pertinent to the question. The theories don’t need to explain every aspect of the question, (or even the main part of the question). It is better if your theories address one aspect or component of the question (i.e., Don’t try to explain the whole world at once.).

Having considered different possibilities, decide on a single theory that you think would warrant empirical exploration. (You don’t necessarily have to think it is a good or even adequate theory.)

Write a two- or three-sentence description of your theory. Be sure to use the word because in your theory.

If we have time within the workshop, share your question and theory with your participant group. If you can, would you describe your theory as post hoc or a priori?

Rationale

The purpose of this exercise is to develop skills in theory formation.